keep fit(保持健康)— I go jogging every day to keep fit.
我每天慢跑来保持健康。
keep learning(不断学习)— We should keep learning new things at all ages.
无论多大年纪都要不断学习新事物。
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A:I'm finding it hard to keep up with all the reading for this course.
我发现很难跟上这门课所有的阅读内容。
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B:Just keep trying. Maybe keep a reading diary to track your progress — it really helps.
继续坚持。也许可以记一个读书日记来追踪你的进度——真的很有帮助。
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A:Sometimes I get stressed. How do you keep calm before exams?
有时候我会很紧张。你考试前是怎么保持冷静的?
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B:I try to keep smiling and think positive. That way I can keep my spirits up.
我会尽量保持微笑,积极思考。这样我能保持好的心情。
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hold:持有、举行与控制
hold 的语义比 keep 更“具体”,常带有物理上持有/支撑的感觉,指人与事物之间真实的抓握、托举或掌控。但它的用法不只局限于物理世界,还广泛用于召开会议/组织活动和控制、抑制情绪或局势等抽象含义。日常交流、学术或职场中,hold 的搭配非常高频,且有不少是写作和口语考试拔高表达能力的“加分项”。
hold 的搭配
举行/组织类:(与“have”、“host”等词的表达互有差异)
hold a meeting(举行会议)— We hold a team meeting every Friday morning.
我们每周五早上都会开一个团队会议。
hold a conference(举办会议/大会)— The university held an international conference last month.
这所大学上个月举办了一场国际会议。
hold an election(举行选举)— The country held its first democratic election in 2015.
这个国家在2015年举行了第一次民主选举。
hold a ceremony(举行仪式/典礼)— They held a small ceremony to mark the occasion.
他们举行了一个小型仪式来纪念这个时刻。
hold a competition/exhibition(举办比赛/展览)— Our school will hold an art exhibition next week.
我们学校下周将举办一次艺术展。
hold talks/negotiations(举行会谈/谈判)— The two countries will hold talks next month.
两国将于下月举行会谈。
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身体/物理类:
hold your breath(屏住呼吸)— She held her breath as she waited for the results.
她在等待结果时屏住了呼吸。
hold hands(牵手)— The couple walked along the beach holding hands.
那对情侣手牵手走在海滩上。
hold the door(扶住门/为人开门)— Could you hold the door for me, please?
你能帮我扶一下门吗?
hold a baby/cup/book(抱住婴儿/握杯子/拿书)— He held the baby gently in his arms.
他轻轻地抱着婴儿。
hold a position(保持姿势/体位)— Please hold this position for a few seconds.
请保持这个姿势几秒钟。
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控制/保持类:
hold on(等一下;坚持下去)— Hold on — I'll be back in five minutes.
稍等一下——我五分钟后就回来。
hold back(抑制;阻止)— She held back her tears during the farewell speech.
她在告别演讲时强忍住了眼泪。
hold in(忍住(脾气、感情等))— Try to hold in your anger.
尽量压抑住你的愤怒。
hold off(推迟;阻挡)— They decided to hold off the announcement until next week.
他们决定推迟到下周再公布消息。
hold the record(保持记录)— She holds the world record for the 100m sprint.
她保持着100米短跑的世界纪录。
hold someone responsible/accountable(使某人承担责任)— If anything goes wrong, I'll hold you responsible.
如果出了什么问题,我会让你负责。
hold a position(担任职位/持有立场)— He has held the same position for ten years.
他在同一个岗位上工作了十年。
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固定短语:
hold true(依然适用/有效)— The rule still holds true today.
这条规则至今依然适用。
hold the line(别挂电话/坚持立场)— Please hold the line while I transfer your call.
请稍等我帮您转接电话。
hold sway over(支配;影响)— She holds great sway over her followers.
她对追随者有极大影响力。
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用法小贴士:
hold a meeting 与 have a meeting 的微妙差异:两者都正确,但 hold a meeting 更正式、庄重且多用于书面语、官方场合,强调“举办/组织”的动作;have a meeting 则偏日常、口语化。例如:
The committee held a formal meeting.(委员会召开了一次正式会议)
We're having a quick meeting after lunch.(我们午饭后开个简短的会)
high/low 多用来修饰表示数量、程度、级别、状态的名词。high 表示“高的、高度的”,low 则是“低的、低度的”。这种搭配也是中国学生最容易误用成 big/small 或 other 形容词的地方。除了常见示例,还建议背熟常考的口语表达。
注意:有些搭配只有 high 或者只有 low,不能简单替换。例如 low profile 是“低调的”意思,而没有 high profile 这种说法等同于“高调的人”,应该用别的表达。
deep 与 close 的搭配
deep 表示“深度”,在搭配中常用于描述程度深的体验或理解;close 表示“近/密切”,搭配对象通常与关系或注意力有关:
deep 搭配: deep breath(深呼吸)/ deep sleep(深度睡眠)/ deep understanding(深刻理解)/ deep feeling(深厚的感情)/ deep sorrow(深切的悲痛)/ deep voice(低沉的声音)
close 搭配: close friend(亲密的朋友)/ close relationship(密切的关系)/ close attention(密切关注)/ close examination(仔细检查)/ close competition(激烈的竞争)/ close call(千钧一发的情况)
形容词搭配易错警告:
❌ big price → ✓ high price(高价)
❌ strong rain → ✓ heavy rain(大雨)
❌ heavy coffee → ✓ strong coffee(浓咖啡)
❌ large mistake → ✓ big/serious mistake(大错误)
❌ heavy relationship → ✓ close relationship(密切关系)
练习题
第一题(选择题)
知识点:keep 的搭配——“保持状态”类
下列哪个句子中 keep 的搭配是正确的?
A. She kept the surprise a secret until the birthday party.
B. I try to keep a eye on my expenses every month.
C. He always keeps up to his promises, which is why people trust him.
D. Please keep your voice low — the baby is keep sleeping.
答案是 A。“keep a secret”(保守秘密)是标准固定搭配,完全正确。B 错误:“keep an eye on”(注意/留意)中应用“an”而不是“a”;C 错误:“keep his promises”(信守承诺)不说“keep up to”,而是直接“keep promises”或“keep your word”;D 错误:第二个 keep 应该是“keeps sleeping”(保持睡着的状态)。